Kennel cough is one of the most common respiratory illnesses in dogs and one of the most contagious. While it often sounds alarming, most cases are mild and resolve on their own. Pet parents often ask, “How long does kennel cough last?” The short answer is that it usually clears up within 1 to 3 weeks. But in some cases, symptoms may linger longer, especially in puppies, older dogs, or pets with underlying health issues.
At Hershey Veterinary Hospital, we help you understand the causes, symptoms, and treatment of kennel cough, and we offer annual vaccines to help prevent it.
What Is Kennel Cough?
Kennel cough, officially known as canine infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious illness affecting a dog’s respiratory tract. Kennel cough is caused by a mix of viruses and bacteria, with Bordetella bronchiseptica being the most common bacterial culprit. This is why many people refer to it simply as “Bordetella.”
Other causes include:
- Canine parainfluenza virus and canine adenovirus
- Canine influenza
- Canine distemper
- Mycoplasma and other pathogens
Dogs get kennel cough through airborne droplets, shared water bowls, toys, or close contact with infected dogs, especially in places like kennels, daycares, dog parks, or groomers.
Common Symptoms of Kennel Cough
The hallmark symptom of kennel cough is a persistent, dry, hacking cough, and it often sounds like your dog is trying to clear something from their throat. Some dogs may also gag, retch, or produce phlegm at the end of a coughing fit.
Other symptoms may include:
- Sneezing or nasal discharge
- Low-grade fever
- Lethargy or mild fatigue
- Loss of appetite (in more severe cases)
- Eye discharge
Most dogs with kennel cough act fairly normal aside from the cough, but it’s important to keep them isolated to prevent spreading it.
How Long Does Kennel Cough Last?
Most dogs recover from kennel cough within 1 to 3 weeks, but in rare cases, especially in older dogs or those with compromised immune systems, it may require up to 6 weeks to fully recover.
Several factors influence recovery time:
- Cause of infection: If the infection is mainly viral (like parainfluenza), symptoms may last about 6 to 10 days. If caused by Bordetella bacteria, it may linger longer.
- Overall health: Dogs in good health typically recover faster than puppies or senior dogs.
- Co-infections: Dogs infected with both virus and bacteria—or secondary infections like canine distemper—may experience longer and more severe illness.
Treating Kennel Cough
In most cases, kennel cough is self-limiting and resolves with rest and supportive care. Still, veterinary attention is important, especially if symptoms persist beyond a week or your dog seems unwell.
Treatment may include:
- Anti-inflammatories to reduce throat irritation and coughing
- Antibiotics if a bacterial infection like Bordetella bronchiseptica is confirmed or suspected
- Cough suppressants (if appropriate)
- Hydration and rest to support healing
Dogs with kennel cough should avoid exercise and exposure to irritants like smoke or dust. A steamy bathroom may help soothe irritated airways, but never give your dog over-the-counter meds without veterinary guidance.
How Long Is a Dog Contagious with Kennel Cough?
Dogs can be contagious during the incubation period (2 to 10 days before symptoms appear) and while showing signs of illness. Even after symptoms subside, dogs may continue to shed the virus or bacteria for up to 2–3 weeks. In some rare cases, they can carry and spread the infection for even longer.
That’s why it’s critical to:
- Isolate your dog from other dogs until 7–10 days after symptoms stop
- Avoid dog parks, boarding, daycare, and grooming visits during recovery
How to Prevent Kennel Cough
The best way to prevent kennel cough is with the kennel cough vaccine, which protects against Bordetella bacteria and often includes coverage for canine parainfluenza.
At Hershey Veterinary Hospital, we recommend the 1-year intranasal vaccine, which is suitable for most dogs, especially those who:
- Utilize dog boarding or attend daycare
- Visit groomers regularly
- Participate in training classes or group walks
- Live in multi-dog households
While no vaccine guarantees 100% protection, it significantly reduces the risk and severity of illness. Speak with your vet about adding the kennel cough vaccine to your dog’s vaccine schedule.
When to See a Vet
Most dogs with kennel cough don’t need aggressive treatment, but contact your vet if your dog has kennel cough and:
- Cough lasts more than 7–10 days
- Cough worsens or becomes productive (mucus or blood)
- They develop a fever or stop eating
- They seem lethargic or have trouble breathing
These may be signs of complications such as pneumonia or other health concerns that require urgent care.
Final Thoughts
So, how long does kennel cough last? In most cases, about 1 to 3 weeks, but the duration can vary depending on the dog’s health and the exact cause of infection. The good news is that most cases are mild and treatable with rest and supportive care. The best protection is keeping your dog up to date with their kennel cough vaccine every 12 months.Have questions about your dog’s cough or vaccination schedule? Contact Hershey Veterinary Hospital today to schedule a visit. We’re your local veterinarian in Hershey, PA, helping you keep your dog happy, healthy, and protected.